Artificial Intelligence is steadily becoming part of the everyday functioning of government in India. From analysing large datasets for policy planning to generating reports for depart-ments and public sector institutions, AI tools are no longer confined to pilot projects. Their use is expanding across ministries, states and local administrations. However, this rapid adoption has also exposed a significant gap. India currently lacks formal national standards to guide how AI should be integrated into governance systems.
Governance is different from private enterprise. Decisions taken by public authorities directly affect citizens’ rights, welfare benefits, law enforcement outcomes and regulatory approv- als. When AI-generated reports and recommendations influence these decisions, accuracy, transparency and accountability must be exceptionally high.
In absence of clearly defined standards, there is a risk of inconsistent practices, unreliable outputs and reduced public trust in technology-driven governance.
ACCURACY NEEDED
One of the most critical requirements for AI in government is accuracy. AI systems must be trained on reliable and representative data and their outputs should meet defined performance benchmarks. National standards can help ensure that AI-generated reports used in administration are periodically tested, validated and updated. Equally important is the communication of limitations. Officials relying on AI outputs should be aware of error margins and contextual constraints, rather than treating algorithmic results as unquestionable facts.
Auditability is another essential pillar of responsible AI use in governance. Administrative decisions must always be open to review, explanation and correction. AI systems should be designed in a way that allows their processes to be examined. Clear records of data sources, model logic and system updates are necessary so that decisions based on AI can be justified and, if required, legally scrutinised. Else accountability is weakened.
Data ownership and control present an equally serious concern. Government AI systems often rely on large volumes of citizen data, including sensitive personal information. National standards must clearly define who owns this data, how it can be used and where it is stored. Clarity is essential to prevent misuse, protect privacy and avoid dependence on private vendors.
Clear regulation should not be viewed as an obstacle to innovation. On the contrary, regulatory clarity can unlock investment and encourage responsible adoption of AI in the public sector. When vendors and technology providers understand the standards, they are more likely to develop robust, compliant solutions for governance.
India has the opportunity to set a strong example in the responsible use of Artificial Intelli-gence in governance. By establishing national standards that focus on accuracy, auditability and data ownership, the country can ensure that AI strengthens administrative capacity without compromising democratic values. The time has come to move from broad principles to enforceable frameworks, so that technology remains a trusted ally in public service.
(The author is Additional Director General, Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, Govt. of India.)
