Patna: In a landmark initiative aimed at preserving natural and cultural heritage, the Department of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Bihar, has selected 32 special trees across five districts to be officially declared as “Biodiversity Heritage Trees.” These trees, chosen from an initial pool of 1,500, represent significant ecological, historical, and cultural value.
Among the selected trees, the most prominent is a 500-year-old banyan tree located in Dakshini Umga Panchayat, Madanpur block, Aurangabad district. Known for its massive spread and cultural reverence, this tree stands as a living symbol of Bihar’s natural legacy.
Selection Based on Cultural, Historical, and Ecological Importance
The 32 selected trees are located in Buxar, Aurangabad, Munger, Jamui, and Bhagalpur districts. Of these, 28 trees are over 100 years old, and the remaining four are aged between 70 and 90 years.
The selection process involved rigorous field verification and was guided by detailed criteria, including–
- Age (typically over three generations)
- Historical or mythological significance
- Uniqueness or rarity
- Relevance for scientific study
- Endangered species status
These criteria were developed by the Bihar Biodiversity Board, which issued comprehensive guidelines to all district and forest division officers.
Tree Species Represented
The list of heritage trees includes a diverse mix of indigenous species-
- Banyan (12)
- Peepal (6)
- Pakad (3)
- Mahua (2)
- Neem (2)
- Semal (2)
- Khirni (1)
- Gular (1)
- Tamarind (1)
- Kalpvriksh (1)
- Kanak Champa (1)
Each of these trees holds ecological, medicinal, and cultural significance, with many serving as sacred landmarks or central gathering spots in local communities.
Technology for Conservation: Bihar Heritage Tree App
To make the initiative more inclusive and dynamic, the state has launched the “Bihar Heritage Tree App”, allowing citizens, local representatives, and nature enthusiasts to contribute. The app enables users to upload photographs and GPS coordinates of special trees in their area. Upon verification, selected trees may be added to the official heritage list.
The initiative reflects a modern approach to conservation, combining citizen participation with scientific documentation.
Nature as Living History
These ancient trees are more than just part of the landscape – they are silent witnesses to Bihar’s evolving history. Through the Heritage Tree initiative, the state not only aims to preserve biodiversity but also honor the intertwined ecological and cultural legacy of its natural environment.
The official declaration of the 32 trees as “Biodiversity Heritage Trees” is expected to be completed soon, ensuring legal and administrative protection for future generations.
