New Delhi: The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) currently has 69,581 cases pending adjudication, while more than 9.19 lakh cases have been disposed of since its establishment in 1985, the Union Government informed Parliament on Wednesday.
The data was shared in a written reply in the Lok Sabha by Jitendra Singh, who stated that the Tribunal has received a total of 9,88,738 cases since inception, out of which 9,19,157 cases were disposed of up to January 31, 2026.
CAT Handles Service-Related Disputes of Central and State Employees
The Central Administrative Tribunal adjudicates disputes and grievances related to service conditions of employees appointed to public services and posts connected with Union and State affairs.
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These include matters involving pay, promotions, career progression, pension, seniority and other service-related administrative disputes.
The Tribunal was constituted in 1985 to provide specialised adjudication in service matters and reduce litigation burden on regular courts.
Disposal Rate Remained Above 100% During Last Three Years
According to figures placed before Parliament, CAT has maintained a disposal rate exceeding fresh institution of cases over the last three years, indicating steady case clearance across benches.
Year-wise CAT Performance –
- 2023: 25,742 cases instituted; 31,672 disposed; disposal rate 123%
- 2024: 32,998 cases instituted; 35,460 disposed; disposal rate 108%
- 2025: 31,899 cases instituted; 34,318 disposed; disposal rate 108%
Across these three years, a total of 90,639 cases were instituted, while 1,01,450 cases were disposed of, resulting in an overall disposal rate of 112%.
Government Highlights Consistently High Disposal Across Benches
The government said these figures reflect a consistently high disposal performance across all benches of the Tribunal.
The data indicates that CAT has been disposing more matters than the number of fresh cases filed each year, helping prevent further growth in pendency despite continued litigation inflow.
Digital Reforms Introduced to Speed Up Hearings
To improve efficiency and ensure faster adjudication, CAT has introduced a cloud-based Advance Case Information System (ACIS).
This digital platform includes several technology-enabled reforms aimed at improving case management and access for litigants.
New Initiatives Include Mobile App, E-Filing and Hybrid Hearings
The ACIS system includes:
- mobile application support
- SMS alerts
- online payment facility
- hybrid video conference-based hearings
- e-court infrastructure
- scanning and digitisation of records
- e-filing of cases
These measures are intended to improve procedural efficiency and reduce delays in filing, listing and hearing matters.
Annual Data Available in DoPT Report
The government noted that detailed year-wise data on institution, disposal and pendency of CAT cases since inception is available in the annual report of the Department of Personnel and Training.
The figures form part of the government’s broader monitoring of administrative justice mechanisms dealing with civil service disputes.
Reply Given in Parliament by Dr Jitendra Singh
The information was provided by Dr Jitendra Singh in his capacity as Minister of State handling Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, along with several other portfolios under the Union Government.
The reply came in response to a Parliament question concerning pendency and disposal trends in CAT benches across the country.
