Dhanbad: Researchers at the CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CSIR-CIMFR) have developed what they describe as India’s first Mobile Smart Algal Liquid Tree (SALT)—an innovative air purification system that uses microalgae to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Designed as a practical solution for densely populated urban areas where planting conventional trees is difficult, the patented technology aims to improve air quality while offering a sustainable alternative to traditional green infrastructure.
What Is the Smart Algal Liquid Tree?
Unlike a conventional tree, the Smart Algal Liquid Tree (SALT) is a compact, enclosed system that houses microalgae suspended in water.
Through the natural process of photosynthesis, the microalgae continuously:
- Absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the surrounding air
- Release oxygen
- Improve ambient air quality
The system has been developed to address air pollution in urban areas where space constraints make large-scale tree plantation difficult.
Developed to Improve Air Quality in Space-Constrained Cities
The project is being led by Dr. Vetrivel Anguselvi, Senior Principal Scientist at CSIR-CIMFR.
According to Dr. Anguselvi, the primary objective of the innovation is to provide an effective air purification solution for densely populated cities and industrial areas where there is little or no space for planting large trees.
She said the technology can help improve urban environmental conditions while complementing existing green initiatives.
Successfully Installed at CSIR-CIMFR and NCL Campus
The patented technology has already been installed at:
- CSIR-CIMFR campus in Dhanbad
- Northern Coalfields Limited (NCL), Singrauli, Madhya Pradesh
Researchers said the pilot installations have delivered encouraging results, demonstrating the system’s potential for wider deployment.
Reduces Carbon Dioxide and Dust Around the Clock
Apart from absorbing carbon dioxide, the Smart Algal Liquid Tree also helps reduce airborne dust.
The system can operate 24 hours a day using either:
- Natural sunlight
- Artificial lighting
It is equipped with smart sensors that continuously monitor:
- Air Quality Index (AQI)
- Carbon dioxide levels
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Fine particulate matter in the air
This allows users to monitor environmental conditions in real time.
Solar-Powered Unit Doubles as a Public Utility Space
The mobile unit is powered by both solar energy and electricity, making it suitable for deployment in a wide range of locations.
Besides purifying the air, the unit also functions as a public utility by offering:
- A shaded seating area for 4–8 people
- Mobile phone charging facilities
- Laptop charging points
These features make it useful in public places where people gather for extended periods.
Suitable for Schools, Airports, Parks and Industrial Areas
According to the researchers, the Smart Algal Liquid Tree can be installed in several public and commercial locations, including:
- Industrial zones
- Schools and educational institutions
- Airports
- Railway stations
- Bus terminals
- Shopping malls
- Parks
- Theatres
Its compact design makes it suitable for areas with limited open space.
Low Maintenance and No Soil Requirement
Unlike traditional trees, the algae-based system:
- Does not require soil
- Is less affected by urban pollution and pests
- Requires minimal maintenance
- Can function efficiently in compact urban environments
These advantages make it a practical alternative for improving air quality in highly urbanized regions.
Commercial Production Under Discussion
CSIR-CIMFR officials said discussions are currently underway for the commercial production of the Smart Algal Liquid Tree.
The institute aims to make the technology available at an affordable cost so it can be deployed not only in public spaces but also in residential areas facing severe air pollution.
If commercialized successfully, the innovation could become an important tool in India’s efforts to combat urban air pollution and promote sustainable environmental solutions.
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